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  語(yǔ)法易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)


  1.a,an的選擇:元音字母開(kāi)頭的單詞用an,輔音字母開(kāi)頭的單詞用a.


  2.am,is,are的選擇:單數(shù)用is,復(fù)數(shù)用are.I用am,you用are.


  3.have,has的選擇:表示某人有某物.單數(shù)用has,復(fù)數(shù)用have.I,you用have.


  4.there is,there are的選擇:表示某地有某物,某人.單數(shù)用there is,復(fù)數(shù)用there are.


  5.some,any的選擇:肯定句用some,疑問(wèn)句和否定句用any.


  6.疑問(wèn)詞的選擇:what(什么)who(誰(shuí))where(哪里)whose(誰(shuí)的)why(為什么)when(什么時(shí)候)which(哪一個(gè))how old(多大)how many(多少)how much(多少錢(qián))


  no.2形容詞比較級(jí)


  當(dāng)我們需要對(duì)事物作出比較時(shí),需要用到比較級(jí).比較級(jí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是:


  什么+動(dòng)詞be(am,is,are)+形容詞比較級(jí)+than(比)+什么,如:


  I'm taller and heavier than you.(我比你高和重.)An elephant is bigger than a tiger.(一只大象比一只老虎大.)


  形容詞的比較級(jí)是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來(lái)的,它的變化規(guī)則是:①一般的直接在詞尾加er,如tall-taller,strong-stronger,②以e結(jié)尾的,直接加r,如fine–finer,③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的,先改y為i再加er,如funny-funnier④雙寫(xiě)較后的字母再加er,如big–bigger,thin–thinner,hot–hotter


  ☆注意☆


  比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對(duì)應(yīng)的可比較的東西.典型錯(cuò)誤:My hair is longer than you.(我的頭發(fā)比你長(zhǎng).)比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā),你(整個(gè)人),那么比較的對(duì)象就沒(méi)有可比性.應(yīng)該改為:My hair is longer than yours.或My hair is longer than your hair.


  no.3動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式


  動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有:


  A,規(guī)則動(dòng)詞①一般直接在動(dòng)詞的后面加ed:如worked,learned,cleaned,visited②以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加d:如lived,danced,used③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞要改y為i再加ed(此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞較少)如study–studied carry–carried worry–worried(注意play,stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類(lèi))④雙寫(xiě)較后一個(gè)字母(此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞較少)如stopped


  B,不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞(此類(lèi)詞并無(wú)規(guī)則,須熟記)


  階段要記住以下動(dòng)詞的原形和過(guò)去式:sing–sang,eat–ate,see–saw,have–had,do–did,go-went,take-took,buy-bought,get-got,read-read,fly-flew,am/is-was,are-were,say-said,leave-left,swim-swam,tell-told,draw-drew,come-came,lose-lost,find-found,drink-drank,hurt-hurt,feel-felt


  no.4動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解


  動(dòng)詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則:


 ?、僖话愕闹苯釉诤竺婕由蟟ng,如doing,going,working,singing,eating②以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,要先去e再加ing,如having,writing③雙寫(xiě)較后一個(gè)字母的(此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞極少)有:running,swimming,sitting,getting


  no.5英語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)代詞主格及賓格


  英語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)代詞主格及賓格


  人稱(chēng)代詞分為主格和賓格,主格和賓格區(qū)別:主格和賓格漢語(yǔ)意思相同,但位置不同。


  Eg:I(主格)"我"--me(賓格)"我"


  主格在陳述句中通常放句首,賓格通常放在動(dòng)詞后或介詞后,也就是說(shuō)賓格,不放在句首。


  Eg:I have a new car.(I主格)


  Excuse me(me賓格)


  I ask him to go(him賓格)


  They sit in front of me(me賓格)


  主格(8個(gè)):I我you你he他she她it它we我們you你們they他(她、它)們


  賓格(8個(gè)):me我you你him他her她it它us我們you你們them他(她、它)們


  no.6句型專(zhuān)項(xiàng)歸類(lèi)


  1.肯定句:是指用肯定的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)陳述的句子,


  如:I'm a student.


  She is a doctor.


  He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom.


  2,否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,


  如:I'm not a student.He does not(doesn't)work in a hospital.


  There are not(aren't)four fans in our classroom.


  ☆注意☆小結(jié):


  否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞"not".有動(dòng)詞be的句子則"not"加在be后面,可縮寫(xiě)成"isn't,aren't",但am not一般都分開(kāi)寫(xiě).沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要先在主要?jiǎng)釉~的前面加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上"not",你也可以把它們縮寫(xiě)在一起如"don't,doesn't,didn't).這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)選擇,其中"does"只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的情況,而"did"只用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),不論主語(yǔ)是什么人稱(chēng)和數(shù),都用"did".


  3,一般疑問(wèn)句:是指詢問(wèn)事實(shí)的句子,此類(lèi)句子必須用"yes",或"no"來(lái)回答.


  如:Are you a student?Yes,I amNo,I'm not.Is she a doctor?Yes,she is.No,she isn't.Does he work in a hospital?Yes,he does./No,he doesn't.Did you watch TV yesterday evening?Yes,I did./No,I didn't.


  ☆注意☆小結(jié):


  一般疑問(wèn)句是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上,①把動(dòng)詞be調(diào)到首位,其他照寫(xiě),末尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)變成問(wèn)號(hào)即可.②沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(do,does,did)再把緊跟在后面的動(dòng)詞變回原形,末尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)變成問(wèn)號(hào)即可.這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞也要根據(jù)人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)選擇,其中"does"只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的情況,而"did"只用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),不論主語(yǔ)是什么人稱(chēng)和數(shù),都用"did".一般疑問(wèn)句有個(gè)重要的原則就是問(wèn)和答要一致,即問(wèn)句里的較好個(gè)單詞(助動(dòng)詞)和簡(jiǎn)略答句里的這個(gè)詞是一致的.


  4,特殊疑問(wèn)句:以特殊疑問(wèn)詞(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)開(kāi)頭引導(dǎo)的句子.此類(lèi)句子應(yīng)該問(wèn)什么就答什么,不能用"yes,no"來(lái)回答.如:


  What is this?Where are you going?Who played football with you yesterday afternoon?When do you usually get up?Why do you like spring best?How are you?


  ☆注意☆小結(jié):


  其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問(wèn)詞組用來(lái)提問(wèn),如:how many(多少(數(shù)量)),how much(多少(錢(qián))),how tall(多高),how long(多長(zhǎng)),how big(多大),how heavy(多重)


  例句:How many pencils do you have?How many girls can you see?


  how many用來(lái)提問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量,主要有以上三種搭配,How many+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+do you have你有多少……How many+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+can you see你能看見(jiàn)多少……How many+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+are there…有多少……


  no.7完全,縮略形式:


  1、簡(jiǎn)縮形式的變法:把倒數(shù)第二個(gè)字母,通常是元音字母變成'但are除外,are要把a(bǔ)打成'。Eg:he is=he's they are=they're


  2、簡(jiǎn)縮形式和完全形式的漢語(yǔ)意思相同。


  3、把完全形式變成簡(jiǎn)縮形式時(shí),一定要注意較好個(gè)字母的大小變化。Eg:What is=What's


  4、記住一個(gè)特殊變化;let's=let us讓我們(不要把'變成i)5、記?。簍hisis沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)縮形式this's(錯(cuò)誤)


  5.常見(jiàn)的縮略形式:


  I'm=I am he's=he is she's=she is they're=they


  are you're=you are there's=there is they're=they are


  can't=can not don't=do not doesn't=does not


  isn't=is not aren't=are not let's=let us


  won't=will not I'll=I will wasn't=was not

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